Gaia DR4 content - Gaia
Gaia Data Release 4 (Gaia DR4)
The original Gaia DR4 data will become available from the Gaia ESA Archive. The expected content of Gaia DR4, pending certain processing and validation activities, is described here and summarised in this table.
Significant changes compared to previous Gaia data releases
Gaia DR4 is different from previous data releases in several ways:
Number and data volume of tables and other products
Gaia DR4 will contain a large number and diversity of data products. Lower-level data such as the individual observations underlying the source-level catalogue parameters will be released as well. Consequently, the total data volume of Gaia DR4 is approximately 500 TB with the largest fraction associated to the lower-level products. The total data volume of Gaia DR3 is 10 TB.
Content of the main source catalogues
In contrast to previous releases, data will be published for all processed sources, which amount to some 2.7 billion sources in total.
The gaia_source table in Gaia DR4 now contains a subset of about 2 billion sources considered to have both high-quality astrometry and photometry. With respect to previous data releases, the parameters in this table are now consolidated from several different processing modules such that the best-suited model has been applied for a given source (e.g. a binary-star model instead of the default single-star model).
The gaia_source table is complemented by the following four tables that contain the results from the dedicated processing pipelines for all 2.7 billion sources:
- all_source_astrometry: Results for all sources from the core astrometry pipeline
- all_source_photometry: Results for all sources from the core photometry pipeline
- all_source_rvs: Results for all sources from the core spectroscopy pipeline
- all_source_flags: Compiles a selection of flags for each source published in the Gaia catalogue.
Summary of expected tables in the Gaia DR4 archive
The columns of the table below have the following meaning:
- Id: Identifier that will eventually map to the corresponding section in the data model documentation.
- Data model chapter: Indicates the name of the data model chapter. The Gaia DR4 draft data model will be published in advance of the data release.
- Gaia Archive Table Name: Indicates the table name in the ESA Gaia Archive.
- Description: Description of the data set.
- Category: Helps to distinguish between the different data sets.
- New in DR4: Inidcates if the type of data was already published with Gaia DR3 or not. All data published with Gaia DR4 will be new, but some data product types have not been published before. These are indicated with "NEW". "NEW in Archive" marks products that were published elsewhere, e.g. on Cosmos, in previous releases .
- Data level: Indicative data level of the product. Level 1 (DL1) corresponds to image data, i.e. CCD pixel/sample values. Level 2 (DL2) corresponds to epoch data, i.e. time-resolved processing results usually per CCD transit. Level 3 (DL3) corresponds to source-level data with summary results per celestial source. Level 4 (DL4) corresponds to derived quantities that incorporate astrophysical models and priors.
- Label: Helps to distinguish between the different data sets.
Id | Data Model Chapter | Gaia Archive Table Name | Description | Category | New in DR4 | Data level | Label |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
01.01 | Main source catalogues | gaia_source | Sources considered to have both high quality astrometry and photometry. In contrast to previous data releases, the parameters in this table are consolidated from several different processing modules. | Main | DL3 | General | |
01.03 | Main source catalogues | all_source_astrometry | Astrometric parameters obtained for all sources (except those in crowded_field_source and gaia_source_environment). | Main | NEW | DL3 | Astrometry |
03.01 | Crowded fields | crowded_field_source | Sources created with the crowded-field image analysis pipeline. | Main | DL3 | General | |
01.02 | Main source catalogues | gaia_source_environment | Astrometry, photometry, and related information for sources detected by the SEAPipe processing in the surrounding of sources in the main Gaia source catalogue. | Main | NEW | DL3 | General |
01.07 | Main source catalogues | bright_source_astrometry | Astrometric parameters of 48 of the 51 brightest stellar sources in the sky, obtained using a special observation mode and special data processing methods. | Main | NEW | DL3 | Astrometry |
07.0N | Non-single stars tables | optical_pair | Optical Pairs / chance alignment of spatially close sources | Main | NEW | DL3 | Astrometry |
09.01 | Reference frame | frame_rotator_source | Sources used for the reference frame alignment and rotation. | Main | DL3 | Reference Frame | |
09.0N | Reference frame | agn_cross_id | Sources that define the Gaia Celestial Reference Frame (CRF). | Main | DL3 | Reference Frame | |
03.05 | Crowded fields | crowded_field_image_summary | Metadata for crowded field images published as FITS files. | Main | NEW | DL1 | Image |
01.04 | Main source catalogues | all_source_photometry | Photometric parameters obtained for all sources (except those in crowded_field_source and gaia_source_environment). | Main | NEW | DL3 | Photometry |
13.11 | Spectroscopic tables | xp_summary | Auxiliary information about the mean BP/RP spectrum of a given source | Main | NEW | DL3 | Photometry |
13.10 | Spectroscopic tables | xp_epoch_crowding | Information on both treated and untreated crowding for both BP and RP CCDs for a FoV transit | Epoch | NEW | DL2 | Photometry |
08.05 | Epoch-level astrometric, photometric and image products | onboard_detection_af_xp | Object logs from the astrometric field and the BP and RP fields | Epoch | NEW | DL1 | Photometry |
13.07 | Spectroscopic tables | synthetic_photometry_gspc | Synthetic photometry generated from the Gaia BP/RP mean spectra. | Main | DL4 | Photometry | |
01.05 | Main source catalogues | all_source_rvs | Parameters such as radial velocities, spectral line broadening, and Grvs magnitudes, derived from the Radial Velocity Spectrometer (RVS). | Main | NEW | DL3 | Spectroscopy |
08.06 | Epoch-level astrometric, photometric and image products | onboard_detection_rvs | Object logs from radial velocity spectrometer (RVS) field | Epoch | NEW | DL1 | Spectroscopy |
14.01 | Variability tables | vari_summary | Information on where a source can be found in the different Variability tables and statistical parameters of timeseries | Main | DL3 | Variability | |
14.10 | Variability tables | vari_rad_vel_statistics | Statistical parameters of radial velocity time series. | Main | NEW | DL3 | Variability |
14.03 | Variability tables | vari_classifier_class_definition | Detailed descriptions of all variability classifiers. | Main | Variability | ||
14.02 | Variability tables | vari_classifier_result | Variability classification results of all classifiers. | Main | DL4 | Classification | |
14.0N | Variability tables | vari_unsupervised | Unsupervised machine-learning classification for variable sources | Main | NEW | DL4 | Classification |
14.06 | Variability tables | vari_cepheid | Variable sources – Cepheids | Main | DL4 | Variability | |
14.07 | Variability tables | vari_compact_companion | Variable sources – Compact companion candidates | Main | DL4 | Variability | |
14.08 | Variability tables | vari_eclipsing_binary | Variable sources – Eclipsing binaries | Main | DL4 | Variability | |
14.12 | Variability tables | vari_long_period_variable | Variable sources – Long-period variables | Main | DL4 | Variability | |
14.13 | Variability tables | vari_microlensing | Variable sources – Microlensing events | Main | DL4 | Variability | |
14.15 | Variability tables | vari_planetary_transit | Variable sources – Planetary transits | Main | DL4 | Variability | |
14.17 | Variability tables | vari_rrlyrae | Variable sources – RR Lyrae stars | Main | DL4 | Variability | |
14.18 | Variability tables | vari_short_timescale | Variable sources – Short-timescale variables | Main | DL4 | Variability | |
14.16 | Variability tables | vari_rotation_modulation | Variable sources – Solar-like rotational modulation variables | Main | DL4 | Variability | |
14.05 | Variability tables | vari_agn | Variable sources – Active galactic nuclei | Main | DL4 | Variability | |
14.11 | Variability tables | vari_flaring_star | Variable sources - Flaring star | Main | NEW | DL4 | Variability |
14.14 | Variability tables | vari_pms_oscillator | Variable sources - Pre-main-sequence oscillators | Main | NEW | DL4 | Variability |
14.19 | Variability tables | vari_yso | Variable sources - Young stellar objects variability | Main | NEW | DL4 | Variability |
10.01 | Science alert tables | science_alerts | Gaia Photometric Science Alerts triggered in the time span covered by DR4, i.e. 25-07-2014 to 20-01-2020. | Main | DL3 | Classification | |
01.06 | Main source catalogues | all_source_flags | Compiles a selection of flags for each source published in the Gaia catalogue. | Main | NEW | DL3 | Classification |
10.02 | Science alert tables | alerts_mixedin_sourceids | List of identifiers for mixed-in sources for Gaia Photometric Science Alerts, where transits from the primary source are mixed with other sources in the catalogue | Main | DL3 | Classification | |
02.02 | Astrophysical parameter tables | ap_class | Classification probabilities and astrophysical parameters of sources derived by Discrete Source Classification (DSC), Outlier Analysis (OA), and UCA from the Apsis processing chain. | Main | DL4 | Classification | |
02.03 | Astrophysical parameter tables | ap_class_ir | Classification probabilities and parameters of sources derived by DSC from the Apsis processing chain using Gaia data and external infrared photometry. | Main | NEW | DL4 | Classification |
02.19 | Astrophysical parameter tables | mcmc_samples_gsp_phot | Parameter distributions from MCMC chain of GSP-Phot | Main | DL4 | Parameters | |
02.04 | Astrophysical parameter tables | ap_emission | Astrophysical properties of emission-line or active stars | Main | DL4 | Parameters | |
02.08 | Astrophysical parameter tables | ap_xp | Astrophysical parameters from BP/RP spectra derived with APSIS | Main | DL4 | Parameters | |
02.10 | Astrophysical parameter tables | ap_xp_supp | Astrophysical parameters from BP/RP spectra derived with GSP-Phot | Main | NEW | DL4 | Parameters |
02.05 | Astrophysical parameter tables | ap_hot | Astrophysical parameters of hot stars | Main | DL4 | Parameters | |
02.06 | Astrophysical parameter tables | ap_rvs | Astrophysical parameters of stars derived from RVS spectra | Main | DL4 | Parameters | |
02.01 | Astrophysical parameter tables | ap_chem | Abundances of chemical elements of stars derived from RVS spectra by GSP-Spec | Main | DL4 | Parameters | |
02.13 | Astrophysical parameter tables | total_galactic_extinction_map | Total Galactic Extinction (TGE) map for the monochromatic extinction at 541.4 nm. | Main | DL4 | Parameters | |
02.14 | Astrophysical parameter tables | total_galactic_extinction_map_opt | This table provides an optimum version of the Total Galactic Extinction\nmap at a single HEALPix level 9. | Main | DL4 | Parameters | |
02.12 | Astrophysical parameter tables | interstellar_medium_spectra | Stacked Interstellar Medium Spectra as derived by DIB-Spec. | Main | DL4 | Spectra | |
02.11 | Astrophysical parameter tables | interstellar_medium_params | Diffuse Interstellar Band (DIB) parameters derived from stacked spectra binned in galactic latitude, longitude and distance. | Main | DL4 | Parameters | |
TBD | Cross-matches | all_source_match | Global cross-match table compiling all source_id associations between those in all_source_astrometry, gaia_source_environment, and crowded_field_source. | Main | NEW | DL3 | CrossMatch |
13.08 | Spectroscopic tables | xp_continuous_mean_spectrum | Mean BP and RP spectra based on the continuous representation in basis functions. | Main | DL3 | Spectra | |
13.09 | Spectroscopic tables | xp_epoch_spectrum | Epoch BP and RP spectra collected at transit level for non-SSO sources. | Epoch | NEW | DL2 | Spectra |
13.01 | Spectroscopic tables | rvs_mean_spectrum | RVS mean sampled spectra. The spectra are in the rest frame and are normalised. | Main | DL2 | Spectra | |
13.04 | Spectroscopic tables | rvs_epoch_spectrum | RVS spectra combined at the FOV-transit level. The spectra are in the solar barycentric frame and normalized | Epoch | NEW | DL3 | Spectra |
13.05 | Spectroscopic tables | rvs_transit_description | CCD level information for RVS transits | Epoch | NEW | DL2 | Spectra |
06.08 | Extra-galactic tables | grav_lens_xp_mean_spectrum | Mean BP/RP spectra of gravitational lens components | Gravitational lensing | NEW | DL3 | Spectra |
02.17 | Astrophysical parameter tables | uca_neuron_information | Each entry corresponds to parameters estimated for one particular neuron of the Self-Organised Map using the UCA module | Main | NEW | DL4 | Parameters |
02.15 | Astrophysical parameter tables | oa_neuron_information | Each entry corresponds to parameters estimated for one particular neuron of the Self-Organised Map using the Outlier Analysis (OA) module. | Main | DL4 | Parameters | |
02.16 | Astrophysical parameter tables | oa_neuron_xp_spectra | Prototype BP/RP spectrum corresponding to each of the neurons of the Self-Organised Map produced by the Outlier Analysis | Main | DL3 | Spectra | |
02.18 | Astrophysical parameter tables | uca_neuron_xp_spectra | Prototype BP/RP spectrum for a particular neuron given in the uca_neuron_information table. | Main | NEW | DL3 | Spectra |
03.04 | Crowded fields | crowded_field_image | Images of crowded-fields published as FITS files. | Image | NEW | DL1 | Image |
03.02 | Crowded fields | crowded_field_coverage_map | Coverage maps of Crowded Fields. For each HEALPix cell covering the crowded field region the number of scans is given. | Auxiliary | NEW | DL1 | Image |
07.01 | Non-single stars tables | nss_acceleration_astro | Non-single-star astrometric solution parameters for sources having a non-linear proper motion which is compatible with an acceleration solution. | Non-single star | DL3 | Astrometry | |
07.03 | Non-single stars tables | nss_non_linear_spectro | Non-single stars - accelerated spectroscopic solutions | Non-single star | DL3 | Spectroscopy | |
07.04 | Non-single stars tables | nss_two_body_orbit | Non-single-star orbital solution parameters for sources compatible with an orbital two-body solution. This covers astrometric binaries, spectroscopic binaries, eclipsing binaries and certain combinations thereof. | Non-single star | DL3 | Astrometry | |
13.06 | Spectroscopic tables | rvs_two_body_orbit | Non-single stars - spectroscopic binary solutions obtained using both the astrometric orbital solutions and the cross-correlation functions between RVS epoch spectra and synthetic spectral templates. | Non-single star | NEW | DL3 | Spectroscopy |
07.0N | Non-single stars tables | nss_masses | Non-single stars - masses of companions | Non-single star | DL3 | Parameters | |
07.02 | Non-single stars tables | nss_multiplicity | Source may be involved in more than one resolved pair. This table list all pairs involving a given source. | Non-single star | NEW | DL3 | Astrometry |
07.05 | Non-single stars tables | nss_vim_fl | Non-single-star solution parameters for sources compatible with a Variability-Induced Mover (VIM) solution. | Non-single star | DL3 | Astrometry | |
08.01 | Epoch-level astrometric, photometric and image products | epoch_astrometry | Time series of astrometric data, i.e. individual astrometric measurements for all sources treated in the main astrometric processing. | Epoch | NEW | DL2 | Astrometry |
08.04 | Epoch-level astrometric, photometric and image products | epoch_image | Image data from the Gaia CCDs for all sources treated in the main astrometric processing. These are pre-processed and sky-projected individual CCD sample values. | Epoch | NEW | DL1 | Image |
03.03 | Crowded fields | crowded_field_epoch_astrometry | Time series of astrometric data, i.e. the individual astrometric measurements for the sources treated in the special crowded-field processing. | Epoch | NEW | DL2 | Astrometry |
08.07 | Epoch-level astrometric, photometric and image products | bright_source_epoch_astrometry | Time series of astrometric data, i.e. the individual astrometric measurements for the same 48 among the 51 brightest stars for which the astrometric parameters are presented in the bright_source_astrometry table. | Epoch | NEW | DL2 | Astrometry |
08.02 | Epoch-level astrometric, photometric and image products | epoch_photometry | Time series of photometric data aggregated per FOV-transit, i.e. the light curve at FoV level for a given source in the G, BP and RP bands. | Epoch | NEW | DL2 | Photometry |
08.03 | Epoch-level astrometric, photometric and image products | epoch_photometry_ccd | Time series of photometric data at CCD-transit level, i.e. the light curve at FoV level for a given source in the G band. | Epoch | NEW | DL2 | Photometry |
03.0N | Crowded fields | crowded_field_epoch_photometry | Time series of photometric data, i.e. the individual photometric measurements for the sources treated in the special crowded-field processing. | Epoch | NEW | DL2 | Photometry |
13.03 | Spectroscopic tables | rvs_epoch_data_double | FOV-transit-level information for the radial velocity, spectral line broadening, and Grvs magnitudes for double-lined transits. | Epoch | NEW | DL2 | Spectroscopy |
13.02 | Spectroscopic tables | rvs_epoch_data_single | FOV-transit-level information for radial velocity, spectral line broadening, and Grvs magnitudes for single-lined transits. | Epoch | NEW | DL2 | Spectroscopy |
02.09 | Astrophysical parameter tables | ap_xp_epoch | Astrophysical parameters derived from the epoch RP spectra for ultra-cool dwarfs. | Epoch | NEW | DL4 | Parameters |
02.07 | Astrophysical parameter tables | ap_rvs_epoch | Astrophysical parameters, and in some cases the abundances, derived from the epoch Radial Velocity Spectrometer (RVS) spectra for RRLyrae and Cepheids by GSP-Spec. | Epoch | NEW | DL4 | Parameters |
06.09 | Extra-galactic tables | qso_candidates | Parameters derived from various modules dedicated to the classification and characterisation of sources considered as QSO candidates. | Quasar | DL3 | Parameters | |
06.10 | Extra-galactic tables | qso_catalogue_name | List of input catalogues used to select those sources for which morphological analysis was performed in the QSO candidates table. | Quasar | DL3 | Classification | |
06.04 | Extra-galactic tables | grav_lens_combination | Information relevant at the level of a gravitational lens multiplet system analysed around lensed sources. | Gravitational lensing | DL3 | Parameters | |
06.03 | Extra-galactic tables | grav_lens_catalogue_name | List of input catalogues used to select any given source analysed by the Gravitational Lens module. | Gravitational lensing | DL3 | Classification | |
06.05 | Extra-galactic tables | grav_lens_component | Potential gravitational lens components (including the quasars). | Gravitational lensing | DL3 | Classification | |
06.06 | Extra-galactic tables | grav_lens_observation | Observations used for gravitational lens search. | Gravitational lensing | DL2 | Classification | |
06.07 | Extra-galactic tables | grav_lens_outlier | Individual observations that have been discarded as outliers from the analysis of the gravitational lenses. | Gravitational lensing | DL3 | Classification | |
06.01 | Extra-galactic tables | galaxy_candidates | Parameters derived from various modules dedicated to the classification and characterisation of sources considered as galaxy candidates. | Galaxies | DL3 | Parameters | |
06.02 | Extra-galactic tables | galaxy_catalogue_name | List of input catalogues used to select any given source for which morphological analysis parameters are provided in the Galaxy candidates table. | Galaxies | DL3 | Classification | |
12.02 | Solar System object tables | sso_source | Solar system objects - Data related to Solar System objects observed by Gaia. | Solar System | DL3 | Parameters | |
12.06 | Solar System object tables | sso_observation_unknown | Solar system objects - Each table line contains observation data obtained during the transit of the source on a single CCD, during a single transit. The source is considered to be of unknown type. | Solar System | NEW | DL3 | Classification |
12.01 | Solar System object tables | sso_alerts | Solar system objects - Observations that have have been associated with published asteroid alerts. | Solar System | NEW | DL3 | Classification |
12.03 | Solar System object tables | sso_observation_asteroid | Solar system objects - Each table line contains observation data obtained during the transit of the source on a single CCD, during a single transit. The source is considered to be of type asteroid. | Solar System | NEW | DL2 | Astrometry |
12.07 | Solar System object tables | sso_reflectance_spectrum | Solar system objects - Mean BP/RP reflectance spectra of asteroids computed as the ratio between the asteroid flux and an averaged solar analogue flux. | Solar System | DL3 | Spectra | |
12.05 | Solar System object tables | sso_observation_satellite | Solar system objects - Each table line contains observation data obtained during the transit of the source on a single CCD, during a single transit. The source is considered to be of type planetary satellite. | Solar System | NEW | DL2 | Astrometry |
12.04 | Solar System object tables | sso_observation_comet | Solar system objects - Each table line contains observation data obtained during the transit of the source on a single CCD, during a single transit. The source is considered to be of type comet. | Solar System | NEW | DL2 | Astrometry |
11.01 | Simulation tables | gaia_source_simulation | Gaia Simulations (GOG). Table of sources realised according to the Gaia Object Generator (GOG) simulation. | Simulations | Simulations | ||
11.02 | Simulation tables | gum_mw | Gaia Simulations (GUM Milky Way). Table of simulated galactic stars according to the Gaia Universal Model Simulation (GUMS). | Simulations | Simulations | ||
11.03 | Simulation tables | gum_galaxy | Gaia Simulations (GUM Galaxies). | Simulations | NEW | Simulations | |
11.04 | Simulation tables | gum_qso | Gaia Simulations (GUM QSO). | Simulations | NEW | Simulations | |
11.05 | Simulation tables | gum_sn | Gaia Simulations (GUM Supernovae). | Simulations | NEW | Simulations | |
04.01 | Auxiliary tables | commanded_scan_law | Representation of the Gaia scanning law over the 66 month time period covered by the Gaia Data Release 4 including the Ecliptic Pole Scanning at the beginning of the mission. | Auxiliary | General | ||
04.02 | Auxiliary tables | bam_observation | Data from the Basic-Angle Monitor (BAM), i.e. from the on-board metrology interferometer designed to continually measure the variations of the effective angle between the viewing directions of the two Gaia fields of view. | Auxiliary | NEW | DL1 | Image |
04.03 | Auxiliary tables | gaia_gap | This table lists all time intervals excluded from the astrometric, photometric and/or spectroscopic data processing of the Gaia observations. Gaps are time periods where such observations have been ignored in the various processing pipelines. | Auxiliary | NEW in Archive | General | |
04.04 | Auxiliary tables | gbot_observation | Ground-based position measurements of the Gaia satellite taken by the GBOT project for the purpose of Gaia orbit reconstruction. | Auxiliary | NEW | General |
Background of the data
Gaia DR4 data is based on data collected between 25 July 2014 (10:30 UTC) and 20 January 2020 (22:00 UTC) spanning a period of 66 months of data collection. As a comparison, Gaia DR3 was based on 34 months of data, Gaia DR2 was based on 22 months of data and Gaia DR1 was based on observations collected in the first 14 months of Gaia's routine operational phase.
The reference epoch for Gaia DR4 is J2017.5. Remember that the reference epoch is different for each Gaia data release, and that the reference epoch for Gaia DR3 was J2016.0, for Gaia DR2 was J2015.5 and for Gaia DR1 was J2015.0.
Positions and proper motions are referred to the ICRS, to which the optical reference frame defined by Gaia DR4 (Gaia-CRF4) is aligned. The time coordinate for Gaia DR4 results is the barycentric coordinate time (TCB).
Gaia Source Identifiers
Sources in the Gaia Catalogue are all identified through the Gaia Source Identifier, i.e., the source_id field in the various tables in the Gaia Archive. The construction of the source identifiers is explained in the archive documentation (for Gaia DR1, see the data model section). In particular, the source_id number contains rough information about the source position on the sky.
As explained in previous announcements, there are various reasons why the identifier of a specific source may change or disappear when going from the Gaia DR1 to the Gaia DR2 source list and on to the Gaia DR3 and Gaia DR4 source list. Users of Gaia data should thus be aware that the source list for Gaia DR4 should be treated as independent from Gaia DR3, Gaia DR2 and from Gaia DR1. With each new Gaia data release, the source list is becoming progressively more stable.
The Gaia source names ('designations') for Gaia DR4 are all constructed as follows:
Gaia DR4 yyy....yy
Accessing the data
The Gaia Archive will be the main point of access to the Gaia DR4 data, but the data (or a subset thereof) will also be served from our partner data centres (CDS, ASDC, ARI, AIP and Flatiron). Data can be extracted from the Gaia Archive by performing ADQL queries and downloading the corresponding results tables.
The total size will be about 500TB, of which a large fraction is the level 2 data.
Passbands
Gaia DR4 passbands will be published to document how the Gaia DR4 magnitudes are computed, and to allow to reproduce the analysis of the data.
Documentation
Data release documentation is provided along with each data release in the form of a downloadable PDF and a webpage. Please visit the Gaia Archive to access Gaia documentation, and make sure to go through all relevant information given from the documentation overview page.
Known issues with Gaia Data Release 4
A list of issues with the data or info given along with the data will be provided. In case you find an issue with the data yourself, please contact the Gaia Helpdesk to let us know.
Data model
The Gaia DR4 data model describes all tables together with the names and contents of the columns inside each table. This information will become available from the Gaia Archive along with the data release documentation.
In advance of Gaia DR4, we will publish a draft version of the data model here.
Data Release papers
Along with the Gaia DR4 data release documentation, several data processing papers will be published describing the specifics of the data processing and validation performed by the different coordination units in the Gaia Data Processing and Analysis Consortium (DPAC). There will also be some papers on the performance verification of Gaia, providing basic demonstrations of the scientific potential of the Gaia DR4 catalogue. Some pre-release processing papers are already available.
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