COSMOS Payload and Spacecraft - JUICE

Payload and Spacecraft - JUICE

Payload

The JUICE spacecraft will carry a powerful remote sensing, geophysical, and in situ payload complement.

The payload consists of 10 state-of-the-art instruments plus one experiment that uses the spacecraft telecommunication system with ground-based instruments. This payload is capable of addressing all of the mission's science goals, from in situ measurements of Jupiter's atmosphere and plasma environment, to remote observations of the surface and interior of the three icy moons, Ganymede, Europa and Callisto.

A remote sensing package includes imaging (JANUS) and spectral-imaging capabilities from the ultraviolet to the sub-millimetre wavelengths (MAJIS, UVS, SWI). A geophysical package consists of a laser altimeter (GALA) and a radar sounder (RIME) for exploring the surface and subsurface of the moons, and a radio science experiment (3GM) to probe the atmospheres of Jupiter and its satellites and to perform measurements of the gravity fields. An in situ package comprises a powerful package to study the particle environment (PEP), a magnetometer (J-MAG) and a radio and plasma wave instrument (RPWI), including electric fields sensors and a Langmuir probe. An experiment (PRIDE) using ground-based very-long-baseline interferometry will provide precise determination of the spacecraft position and velocity.

JUICE's instruments. *Credit: ESA/ATG medialab*

The table below lists the JUICE experiments, their primary science contribution and key characteristics.

JUICE Payload

JANUS - Camera system
An optical camera to study global, regional and local morphology and processes on the moons, and to perform mapping of the clouds on Jupiter. JANUS will have 13 filters, a 1.3 degree field of view, and spatial resolution up to 2.4 m on Ganymede and about 10 km at Jupiter.
Principal Investigator:	P. Palumbo, Università degli Studi di Napoli "Parthenope", Italy
Co-Principal Investigator:	T. Roatsch, DLR, Institut für Planetenforschung, Germany
Lead Funding Agency:	ASI, Italy

MAJIS - Moons and Jupiter Imaging Spectrometer
A hyper-spectral imaging spectrometer for observing tropospheric cloud features and minor species on Jupiter and for the characterisation of ices and minerals on the surfaces of icy moons. MAJIS will cover the visible and infrared wavelengths from 0.4 to 5.7 microns, with spectral resolution of 3-7 nm. The spatial resolution will be up to 25 m on Ganymede and about 100 km on Jupiter.
Principal Investigator:	F. Poulet, Institut d'Astrophysique Spatiale, France
Co-Principal Investigator:	G. Piccioni, INAF/IAPS, Rome, Italy
Lead Funding Agency:	CNES, France

UVS - UV imaging Spectrograph
A UV spectrometer to characterise the composition and dynamics of the exospheres of the icy moons, to study the Jovian aurorae, and to investigate the composition and structure of the upper atmosphere. The instrument will perform both nadir observations and solar and stellar occultation sounding. UVS will cover the wavelength range 55-210 nm with spectral resolution of <0.6 nm. Spatial resolution will reach 0.5 km at Ganymede and up to 250 km at Jupiter.
Principal Investigator:	K. Retherford, Southwest Research Institute, USA
Lead Funding Agency:	NASA, USA

SWI - Sub-millimeter Wave Instrument
A sub-millimeter wave instrument to investigate the temperature structure, composition and dynamics of Jupiter's stratosphere and troposphere, and the exospheres and surfaces of the icy moons. SWI is a heterodyne spectrometer using a 29 cm antenna and working in two spectral ranges 1080-1275 GHz and 530-601 GHz with spectral resolving power of ~10⁷.
Principal Investigator:	P. Hartogh, Max-Planck-Institut für Sonnensystemforschung, Germany
Lead Funding Agency:	DLR, Germany

GALA - GAnymede Laser Altimeter
A laser altimeter for studying the tidal deformation of Ganymede and the morphology and topography of the surfaces of the icy moons. GALA will have a 40 m spot size and 0.1 m vertical resolution at 200 km.
Principal Investigator:	H. Hussmann, DLR, Institut für Planetenforschung, Germany
Lead Funding Agency:	DLR, Germany

RIME - Radar for Icy Moons Exploration
An ice penetrating radar to study the subsurface structure of the icy moons down to 9 km depth with vertical resolution of up to 50 m in ice. RIME will work at a central frequency of 9 MHz (1 and 3 MHz bandwidth) and will use a 16 m antenna.
Principal Investigator:	L. Bruzzone, Università degli Studi di Trento, Italy
Co-Principal Investigator:	J.J. Plaut, JPL, USA
Lead Funding Agency:	ASI, Italy

J-MAG - A magnetometer for JUICE
A magnetometer to characterise the Jovian magnetic field, its interaction with the internal magnetic field of Ganymede, and to study subsurface oceans of the icy moons. The instrument will use fluxgates (inbound and outbound) sensors mounted on a boom.
Principal Investigator:	M. Dougherty, Imperial College London, United Kingdom
Lead Funding Agency:	UKSA, United Kingdom

PEP - Particle Environment Package
A plasma package with sensors to characterise the plasma environment in the Jovian system. PEP will measure density and fluxes of positive and negative ions, electrons, exospheric neutral gas, thermal plasma and energetic neutral atoms in the energy range from <0.001 eV to >1 MeV with full angular coverage. The composition of the moons' exospheres will be measured with a resolving power of more than 1000.
Principal Investigator:	S. Barabash, Swedish Institute of Space Physics (Institutet för rymdfysik, IRF), Kiruna, Sweden
Co-Principal Investigator:	P. Wurz, Universität Bern, Switzerland
US Co-lead:	P. C. Brandt, JHU-APL, USA
Lead Funding Agency:	SNSB, Sweden

RPWI - Radio & Plasma Wave Investigation
A radio plasma wave instrument to characterise the radio emission and plasma environment of Jupiter and its icy moons. RPWI will be based on four experiments, GANDALF, MIME, FRODO, and JENRAGE. It will use a set of sensors, including two Langmuir probes to measure DC electric field vectors up to a frequency of 1.6 MHz and to characterize thermal plasma and medium- and high-frequency receivers, and antennas to measure electric and magnetic fields in radio emission in the frequency range 80 kHz- 45 MHz.
Principal Investigator:	J.-E. Wahlund, Swedish Institute of Space Physics (Institutet för rymdfysik, IRF), Uppsala, Sweden
Co-Principal Investigators:	B. Cecconi, LESIA-Observatoire de Paris, France
	H. Rothkaehl, Space Research Centre of the Polish Academy of Sciences, Poland
	I. Müller-Wodarg, Imperial College, UK
	Y. Kasaba, Tohoku University, Japan
	O. Santolik, Institute of Atmospheric Physic, Czech Republic
Lead Funding Agency:	SNSB, Sweden

3GM - Gravity & Geophysics of Jupiter and Galilean Moons
A radio science package comprising a Ka transponder and an ultrastable oscillator. 3GM will be used to study the gravity field - up to degree 10 - at Ganymede and the extent of internal oceans on the icy moons, and to investigate the structure of the neutral atmospheres and ionospheres of Jupiter (0.1 - 800 mbar) and its moons.
Principal Investigator:	L. Iess, Università di Roma "La Sapienza", Italy
Co-Principal Investigators:	Y. Kaspi, Weizmann Institute of Science, Israel
	D. J. Stevenson, California Institute of Technology, USA
Lead Funding Agency:	ASI, Italy; ISA, Israel Space Agency

PRIDE - Planetary Radio Interferometer & Doppler Experiment
PRIDE will use the standard telecommunication system of the JUICE spacecraft and VLBI - Very Long Baseline Interferometry - to perform precise measurements of the spacecraft position and velocity to investigate the gravity fields of Jupiter and the icy moons.
Principal Investigator:	G. Cimo, Joint Institute for VLBI in Europe, The Netherlands
Lead Funding Agency:	NWO and NSO, The Netherlands

JUICE spacecraft and payload activities

This page provides a quick status reports on the spacecraft and payload activities.

launch

JUICE was lifted into space by Ariane5 (flight VA260) at 12:14:29 UTC on the 14th of April 2023. After a nominal ascent of 28 minutes, the spacecraft was separated from the launcher at 12:42:17 UTC.

Deployment status

14 April: Solar panels
15 April: Medium Gain Antenna
21 April: Magnetometer boom
12 May: Radar antenna (both sides)
22 May: Langmuir probe #4 (RPWI instrument)
23 May: Radio waves antennas from the RPWI instrument, located on the magnetometer boom
24 May: Langmuir probe #2 (RPWI instrument)
25 May: Langmuir probe #3 (RPWI instrument)
26 May: Langmuir probe #1 (RPWI instrument)

Commissioning status

Instruments	NECP (Open / On-going / Completed)	NECP Start date	NECP End date
MAJIS	Completed	02/06/2023	02/06/2023
SWI	Completed	25/04/2023	11/07/2023
GALA	Completed	15/05/2023	15/05/2023
RPWI	Completed	19/04/2023	30/05/2023
SCM	Completed	19/04/2023	21/04/2023
LP	Completed	22/05/2023	26/05/2023
RWI	Completed	30/05/2023	30/05/2023
RIME	Completed	16/04/2023	04/07/2023
3GM-HAA	Completed	16/04/2023	01/06/32023
3GM-KaT	Completed	22/05/2023	22/05/2023
3GM-USO	Completed	24/05/2023	24/05/2023
JMAG	Completed	21/04/2023	11/05/2023
MAGBoom	Completed	21/04/2023	21/04/2023
JACS	Completed	21/04/2023	21/04/2023
JANUS	Completed	15/05/2023	17/05/2023
UVS	Completed	15/06/2023	22/06/2023
PEP-Lo	Completed	30/05/2023	03/07/2023
JDC	Completed	30/05/2023	30/06/2023
JEI	Completed	30/05/2023	27/06/2023
JNA	Completed	30/05/2023	29/06/2023
NIM	Completed	31/05/2023	02/06/2023
PEP-Hi	Completed	24/05/2023	16/06/2023
JENI	Completed	05/06/2023	14/06/2023
JOEE	Completed	05/06/2023	05/06/2023
RADEM	Completed	16/04/2023	25/04/2023

next activities

Start of the cruise phase
Deep space maneuvre in November 2023
First payload checkout in January 2024

SPACECRAFT

The JUICE spacecraft is a 3-axis stabilized platform that will accommodate 10 instruments. The power subsystem consists in a solar array with two wings of five panels each for a total surface of 85 m² providing ~820 W at Jupiter (end of life conditions), and a Li-ion battery.

A 2.5 m diameter High Gain Antenna, using X- and Ka- bands, will ensure telemetry/telecommand links for routine operations, safe-mode, and radio science related investigations. At least, 1.4 Gbits of scientific data will be downloaded every day.

The propulsion system is a bi-propellant main engine plus a set of 10 thrusters. The two main mission manoeuvres are the Jupiter and Ganymede orbit insertions. Two vaults will provide to some electronics a shielding against the harsh Jupiter radiation environment, as well as adequate thermal conditions.

The spacecraft includes deployable appendices such as a 10.6 m boom supporting JMAG and RPWI sensors, a 16 m radar antenna, and a steerable medium gain antenna used for communication and radio-science investigations.

Juice

INSTRUMENT Publications and documents

In the following table all the documents/papers related to the Juice instruments have been listed. These documents have been agreed for public release.

Title	Type	Author	Reference	Workshop	Location	Year	Link	Keywords
Tropospheric Delay Calibration System Performance During the First Two BepiColombo Solar Conjunctions	Scientific paper	R. Lasagni Manghi				2023	Link	3GM
Thermal Control Interface Document	Document		JUI-ADST-SYS-ICD-000127			2023	Link	spacecraft, report, thermal, control, subsystem, system, mechanic, electric, safety, constraints
The successful recovery of the Juice RIME antenna deployment	Scientific paper	R. Le Letty				2023	Link	Spacetech (STI), booms, ice penetrating radar, fail, anomaly
The RADiation hard Electron Monitor (RADEM) for the Juice mission	Workshop	M. Pinto		Outer Planet Moon Magnetosphere Interaction	Netherlands	2020	Link
The Particle Environment Package (PEP) for the JUICE mission: current status	Workshop	S. Barabash		Outer Planet Moon Magnetosphere Interaction	Ireland	2024	Link
The Ganymede Laser Altimeter (GALA) for the Jupiter Icy Moons Explorer (JUICE): Mission, science, and instrumentation of its receiver modules	Scientific paper	K. Enya				2022	Link	GALA, JUICE, mission, Ganymede, Jupiter, topography, subsurface, tide, performance
Spacecraft Telemetry Needs for Science Analysis	Document		JUI-ESOC-MOC-TN-105			2022	Link	spacecraft, report, telemetry, analysis, science, instrument, parameters
Spacecraft Radiation Model	Document		JUI-ADST-SYS-DN-000121			2016	Link	spacecraft, report, radiation, model, FASTRAD
Spacecraft PFM Magnetic Test Report	Document		JUI-ADST-SYS-TR-000316			2022	Link	spacecraft, report, magnetic, test, instrument
Spacecraft PFM Conducted EMC Test Report	Document		JUI-ADSF-SYS-TR-000325			2022	Link	spacecraft, report, emc, test, pfm, power
Spacecraft Design Report	Document		JUI-ADST-SYS-DD-000122			2022	Link	spacecraft, design, report, system, subsystem
Spacecraft Definition of House-Keeping telemetry	Document		JUI-ADST-SYS-TN-000321			2023	Link	spacecraft, report, house-keeping, telemetry, database, reference
Spacecraft Charging Analysis Report	Document		JUI-ADSF-SYS-TN-000171			2020	Link	spacecraft, report, charging, analysis, particle, environment
Spacecraft Alignment Budget Report	Document		JUI-ADST-SYS-RP-000591			2023	Link	spacecraft, report, budget, alignment, transport, mechanic, thermal, instrument
Radiation Effects and Modelling Report	Document		JUI-ADST-SYS-RP-000316			2022	Link	spacecraft, report, radiation, modelling, instrument, tidl, tnidl
Post Test Thermo-elastic Analysis Report	Document		JUI-ADST-SYS-TN-000196			2023	Link	spacecraft, report, thermo-elastic, analysis, structure
Planetary radio interferometry and Doppler experiment as an operational component of the Jupiter Icy Moons Explorer mission	Scientific paper	V. Pallichadath				2024	Link	Interferometry VLBI Planetary missions Space science missions Radio astronomy JUICE PRIDE
Planetary Radio Interferometry and Doppler Experiment (PRIDE) of the JUICE Mission	Scientific paper	L. I. Gurvits				2023	Link	VLBI, Doppler tracking, State vector determination
Pictures of JUICE integration	Document		JUI-EST-AIT-HO-003			2019	Link	spacecraft, report, structure, instrument, integration, conception
NavCam Design Description and Budgets	Document		NFU_00024053			2018	Link	spacecraft, report, budgets, navcam, design, instrument, datasheet, detection, optic, mode
Moons and Jupiter Imaging Spectrometer (MAJIS) on Jupiter Icy Moons Explorer (JUICE)	Scientific paper	F. Poulet				2024	Link	Juice, Jupiter, Jovian satellites, Imaging spectroscopy, Visible, Infrared
Monitoring JUICE deployment operations with high-accuracy accelerometer data	Scientific paper	U. De Filippis				2024	Link	HAA, sensitivity, bandwidth, measurement, vibrations, dynamic
Micro-vibration Analysis Report	Document		JUI-ADST-SYS-TN-000188			2018	Link	spacecraft, report, micro-vibration, analysis, sadm, mga, subsystem, instrument
Magnetic Cleanliness Report	Document		JUI-ADSF-SYS-RP-000137			2022	Link	spacecraft, report, magnetic, cleanliness, instrument, test
Europa-UVS and Juice-UVS Plans for Auroral and Airglow Observations of Moon-Magnetosphere interactions	Workshop	K. Retherford		Outer Planet Moon Magnetosphere Interaction	Netherlands	2020	Link
Europa Clipper/Juice Instrument Comparison	Document						Link
Electric Cleanliness Report	Document		JUI-ADSF-SYS-RP-000174			2022	Link	spacecraft, report, electric, cleanliness, emission, rpwi, rime, pep, particle, plasma
Calibration of the Moons And Jupiter Imaging Spectrometer (MAJIS): Introduction to the special collection and summary of the performances	Scientific paper	F. Poulet				2024	Link	Spacecrafts, Jovian satellites, Galilean moons, Space instruments, Imaging spectroscopy, Radiation shielding, Optical coatings, Optical elements
Calibration of MAJIS (Moons And Jupiter Imaging Spectrometer). III. Spectral calibration	Scientific paper	P. Haffoud				2024	Link	Spacecrafts, Imaging spectroscopy, Infrared imaging, Atomic spectral lines, Monochromators, Optical aberrations, Optical devices, Optical instruments
Calibration of MAJIS (Moons And Jupiter Imaging Spectrometer). II. Spatial calibration	Scientific paper	G. Filacchione				2024	Link	Passive radiator, Spacecrafts, Telemetry, Imaging spectroscopy, Optical imaging, Monochromators, Optical devices, Optical elements, Optical properties, Telescopes
Calibration of MAJIS (Moons and Jupiter Imaging Spectrometer): V. Validation with mineral samples and reference materials	Scientific paper	S. Rodriguez				2024	Link	Image processing, Jovian satellites, Optical imaging, Optical properties, Minerals, Imaging spectroscopy, Surface and interface chemistry, Absorption band
CAD Models	Document		JUI-ADST-SYS-ML-000125			2022	Link	spacecraft, cad, model
CAD Images with Annotations	Document		ADCO01-00163323			2021	Link	spacecraft, image, subsystem, conception
Budgets Report	Document		JUI-ADST-SYS-RP-000132			2022	Link	spacecraft, budgets, report, mass, power, propellant